Emperor penguin in Antarctica. Emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) standing on ice in Antarctica. Photograph obtained in 1911 during the British Antarctic Expedition (1910-1913). Also known as the Terra Nova Expedition, the primary expedition objectives were scientific and included expeditions to study and photograph penguins. Led by Robert Falcon Scott, a shore party of 33 spent two seasons exploring on and around the Ross Ice Shelf. Scott and four others died in 1912 returning from their journey to the South Pole. Photographed on 1 April 1911 by Herbert George Ponting.