Timur (from the Perso-Arabic Timur; ultimately from Chagatai (Middle Turkic) Temur 'iron'; 8 April 1336 - 18 February 1405); often known as Tamerlane (from Timur-e Lang) in English; was a fourteenth-century conqueror of Western; South and Central Asia; founder of the Timurid Empire and Timurid dynasty (1370-1405) in Central Asia; and great great grandfather of Babur; the founder of the Mughal Dynasty; which survived until 1857 as the Mughal Empire in India.

Mughal period miniature painting from an album featuring portraits of Timur the Great and his descendants; mid-17th century.