Alfred Charles Kinsey (June 23, 1894 - August 25, 1956) was an American biologist, professor of entomology and zoology, and sexologist who in 1947 founded the Institute for Sex Research at Indiana University, now known as the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction. He is best known for writing Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948) and Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953), also known as the Kinsey Reports, as well as the Kinsey scale. His research on human sexuality, foundational to the field of sexology, provoked controversy in the 1940s and 1950s. His work has profoundly influenced social and cultural values in the United States, as well as internationally. Kinsey was bisexual and polyamorous. He allowed his wife to sleep with other men (as well as with him) and he himself slept with other men. His research went beyond theory and interview to include observation of and participation in sexual activity, sometimes involving co-workers. He died in1956, at the age of 62. The cause of death was reported to be a heart ailment and pneumonia.