Schema Corporis Solaris, surface of the sun showing sunspots from Mundus Subterraneus published in 1664-5 by Athanasius Kircher and Christoph Scheiner. A key along the bottom explains the letters used to label the diagram, including the solar axis, the solar equator, the northern and southern polar regions of the Sun, the central equatorial region of the Sun, sunspots (A), and solar prominences (puffs of smoke). The corners are labelled with the Latin words for ether and space. Athanasius Kircher (1601/02-1680) (master of a hundred arts) and Christoph Scheiner (1573/75-1650) were German Jesuit scholars.