Exoplanet WASP-19b, illustration. This 'hot Jupiter' exoplanet orbits WASP-19, which is about 882 light years from Earth in the southern constellation of Vela. It has one of the shortest orbital periods at approximately 19 hours. In 2017, astronomers, using the FORS2 (focal reducer/low dispersion spectrograph 2) instrument on the Very Large Telescope (VLT), detected titanium oxide in WASP-19b's atmosphere. This was the first time the chemical had been found in an exoplanet's atmosphere. In large quantities, titanium oxide can effect atmosphere structure by preventing heat from entering or escaping the atmosphere, leading to a thermal inversion. This is when the temperature is higher in the upper atmosphere and lower further down. WASP-19b was discovered in 2009.