Abd al-Rahman I, or, his full name by patronymic record, Abd al-Rahman ibn Mu'awiya ibn Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (731-788) (Arabic: 媢堥堹 塈?堭堶?? 塈?堹塈堮?) was the founder of the Umayyad Emirate of C籀rdoba (755), a Muslim dynasty that ruled the greater part of Iberia for nearly three centuries (including the succeeding Caliphate of C籀rdoba).

The Muslims called the regions of Iberia under their dominion al-Andalus. Abd al-Rahman's establishment of a government in al-Andalus represented a branching from the rest of the Islamic Empire, which had been usurped by the Abbasid overthrow of the Umayyads from Damascus in 750.

He was also known by appellations al-Dakhil ('the Immigrant'), Saqr Quraish ('the Falcon of the Quraysh')and the 'Falcon of Andalus'. Variations of the spelling of his name include Abd ar-Rahman I, Abdul Rahman I and Abderraman I.