Jupiter, illustration. Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the solar system, with a mass two and a half times that of all the other planets put together. Jupiter's atmosphere consists of colourful, swirling bands of cloud. At lower centre is the Great Red Spot (GRS), a large storm system that has existed for at least a few hundred years. It consists of cold clouds that rotate anticlockwise several kilometres above the surrounding cloud deck.