War of Roussillon (1793-1795) between the Spain of Charles IV and the First French Republic, with the occupation of the Basque provinces and Catalonia by France. After the Peace of Basel (1795), the government of the King of Spain promised that it would not persecute anyone for political facts, in reference to the citizens who had left the Basque provinces, emigrating to France in search of asylum for fear that their conduct in times of French occupation would be misinterpreted. Return of the Basque emigrants. Engraving. Historia del Levantamiento, guerra y revolucion de Espana by the Conde de Toreno. Madrid, 1851. (Photo by: Prisma/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)