Surgeon performing shoulder arthroscopy. The use of an arthroscope (endoscope used inside joints) enables the surgeon to inspect and operate on structures within the joint through small, minimally invasive incisions. This procedure is used for the diagnosis and repair of problems within the shoulder joint and its associated tendons, ligaments and cartilage. The surgeon inserts various surgical instruments into the shoulder in addition to the arthroscope (seen here in the posterior aspect of the shoulder joint).