Naraka (Sanskrit; Pali: Niraya) is a term in Buddhist cosmology usually referred to in English as 'hell'. The Naraka of Buddhism is closely related to Diyu; the hell of Chinese mythology.

A Naraka differs from the hell of Christianity in two respects: firstly; beings are not sent to Naraka as the result of a divine judgment and punishment; secondly; the length of a being's stay in a Naraka is not eternal; though it is usually very long.