XIR183708 Victory stela of Merenptah (c.1236-1217 BC) known as the Israel Stela, from the Mortuary Temple of Merenptah, Thebes, New Kingdom, 1213-1203 BC (granite) by Egyptian 19th Dynasty (c.1292-1187 BC); 318x163 cm; Egyptian National Museum, Cairo, Egypt; (add.info.: believed to be the pharaoh of the Exodus; earliest reference to Israel outside the Bible; commemorative hymn celebrating the victory of Merenptah over the Libyan invaders;); Egyptian, out of copyright.