Sultan Shahjahan Begum, GCSI, CI, KIH (July 29, 1838 - June 16, 1901) was the Begum of Bhopal (the ruler of the princely state of Bhopal in central India) for two terms: 1844-60, and secondly during 1868-1901. A lady of learning and piety, Shahjahan is credited with the authorship of several books in Urdu. She was instrumental in initiating the construction of one of the largest mosques in India, the Taj-ul-Masajid, at Bhopal. She also contributed generously towards the founding of the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College at Aligarh, which developed into the Aligarh Muslim University.