XJF465169 Dr Rush\'s Tranquilizer Chair (engraving) by American School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Also known as the Rush Chair, this contraption was designed by Dr Benjamin Rush (1746-1813) as a treatment for psychiatric patients; The Rush Chair holds the patient completely immobile from head to foot in order to prevent the "agitation of blood to the brain" that Rush believed was the chief cause of mental derangement;); American, out of copyright.