Solubility of sucrose, or table sugar. Sucrose is a disaccharide carbohydrate with the molecular formula, C12H22O11. At room temperature, sucrose is a colourless crystalline solid. There are many polar -OH (hydroxyl) groups within the molecular structure of sucrose, and these polar groups readily form hydrogen bonds with polar water molecules. These forces attract the water and sucrose molecules together, making sucrose highly soluble in water.